The root and source of all monetary evil is the government’s monopoly on money.

 “The root and source of all monetary evil is the government’s monopoly on money.”

― Friedrich Hayek, Denationalisation of Money

“There is no answer in the available literature to the question why a government monopoly of the provision of money is universally regarded as indispensable. ... It has the defects of all monopolies.”
― Friedrich Hayek, Denationalisation of Money

https://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/2859682-denationalisation-of-money#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20root%20and%20source%20of,the%20government's%20monopoly%20on%20money.%E2%80%9D&text=%E2%80%9CThere%20is%20no%20answer%20in,the%20defects%20of%20all%20monopolies.%E2%80%9D

The Federal Reserve Banks are not a part of the federal government, but they exist because of an act of Congress....

...the Federal Reserve Banks are set up like private corporations. Member banks hold stock in the Federal Reserve Banks and earn dividends.

https://www.stlouisfed.org/in-plain-english/who-owns-the-federal-reserve-banks#:~:text=The%20Federal%20Reserve%20Banks%20are,is%20to%20serve%20the%20public.

The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based. Established in 1694 to act as the English Government's banker, and still one of the bankers for the Government of the United Kingdom, it is the world's eighth-oldest bank. It was privately owned by stockholders from its foundation in 1694 until it was nationalised in 1946 by the Attlee ministry

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_of_England